How to Write an Introduction
Introductions and conclusions can be the most difficult parts
of papers to write. Usually when you sit down to respond to an assignment, you
have at least some sense of what you want to say in the body of your paper. You
might have chosen a few examples you want to use or have an idea that will help
you answer the main question of your assignment; these sections, therefore, are
not as hard to write. But these middle parts of the paper can’t just come out
of thin air; they need to be introduced and concluded in a way that makes sense
to your reader.
Tips
There are a few tips that can help you write a strong
introduction, arousing interest and encouraging the reader to read the rest of
your work.
- Keep
it Short
A long and rambling introduction will
soon put people off and lose you marks. Stick closely to your outline for the paper, and structure your introduction in a similar way.
- Define
the Problem
The entire introduction should
logically end at the research question and thesis statement or hypothesis. The
reader, by the end of the introduction, should know exactly what you are trying
to achieve with the paper. In addition, your conclusion and discussion will refer back to the introduction, and this is easier
if you have a clearly defined problem.
- Organization
As you write the paper, you may find
that it goes in a slightly different direction than planned. In this case, go
with the flow, but make sure that you adjust the introduction accordingly. Some
people work entirely from an outline and then write the introduction as the
last part of the process. This is fine if it works for you.
Example
Link
:
http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/introductions/
(08.10.2016)
https://explorable.com/how-to-write-an-introduction
(08.10.2016)
http://templatelab.com/letter-of-introduction/
(10.10.2016)
Curriculum Vitae (CV) and Writing Tips
A
curriculum vitae, commonly referred to as CV, is a longer (two or more pages),
more detailed synopsis than a resume. Your CV should be clear, concise,
complete, and up-to-date with current employment and educational information.
The
following are examples of information that can be included in your curriculum
vitae. The elements that you include will depend on what you are applying for,
so be sure to incorporate the most relevant information to support your
candidacy in your CV.
- Personal
details and contact information. Most
CVs start with contact information and personal data but take care to
avoid superfluous details, such as religious affiliation, children's names
and so on.
- Education
and qualifications. Take
care to include the names of institutions and dates attended in reverse order;
PhD, Masters, Undergraduate.
- Work
experience/employment history.
The most widely accepted style of employment record is the chronological curriculum vitae. Your career history is presented in
reverse date order starting with most recent. Achievements and
responsibilities are listed for each role. More emphasis/information
should be put on more recent jobs.
- Skills. Include computer skills, foreign
language skills, and any other recent training that is relevant to the
role applied for.
- Brief
biography
- Scholarships
- Training
- Study abroad
- Dissertations
- Theses
- Bibliography
- Research
experience
- Graduate
fieldwork
- Teaching
experience
- Publications
- Presentations
and lectures
- Exhibitions
- Awards and
honors
- Grants,
fellowships, and assistantships
- Technical,
computer, and language skills
- Professional
licenses and certifications
- Memberships
- Hobbies and
Interests
Curriculum Vitae Writing Tips
Have Several Versions of Your CV
Don't just write one CV and use it for every position you apply for.
Have targeted and focused versions of your curriculum vitae and use them
accordingly.
Keep
it Short
If
possible, try to keep your CV short and concise. Include summaries of your
employment and education, rather than lots of details. Use formal (no slang or
abbreviations) and well-written language, writing simply and clearly.
Tell
the Truth
It
can be tempting to over-polish a CV and make our educational qualifications or
work history sound a little better than they really are. If you're tempted to
stretch the truth about your work history - don't.
It will come back to haunt you.
Most
employers conduct reference and background checks and if your curriculum vitae doesn't match your actual
work history or education, you will most likely get caught at some point and
you will either not get the job or will get fired if you have already been
hired.
Check
the Format
Look
at the format of your curriculum vitae, and again, ask someone else to take a
look. Is there plenty of white space? Is it cluttered?
Is
your formatting consistent (bold, italic, spacing, etc.) and is the overall
picture that your CV provides a professional and polished one?
Proof
Your Curriculum Vitae
Double-check
your curriculum vitae for typos and grammatical errors. Then ask someone else
to review it for you - it's often hard to catch our own mistakes.
When to Use a
Curriculum Vitae Instead of a Resume
In
the United States, a curriculum vitae is used when applying for academic,
education, scientific or research positions. A curriculum vitae can also be
used to apply for fellowships or grants. In Europe, the Middle East, Africa, or
Asia, employers may expect to receive a curriculum vitae rather than a resume.
Choose an
Appropriate Curriculum Vitae Format
Make
sure you choose a curriculum vitae format that is appropriate for the position
you are applying for. If you are applying for a fellowship, for example, you
won't need to include the personal information that may be included in an
international CV.
How to Write a
Curriculum Vitae
When
should job seekers use a curriculum vitae, commonly referred to as CV, rather
than a resume? Here are the details on when to use a CV, what to include, and
how to write it.
Curriculum Vitae
Cover Letters
How
to write an effective cover letter to include along with your CV, as well as
cover letter samples, how to format a cover letter, and types of cover letters
with samples of each.
Example
Link :
Cover Letter Examples & Tips
A lot of job seekers today wonder if a cover letter is still
appropriate to send with your resume—and the answer is yes! And just like with
your resume, you should make a customized version that talks about how your
skills will benefit the particular company that you want to work for, and
demonstrate how you have done some research into what the organization's pain
points are. Remember: You're selling yourself in a resume and a cover letter,
but the employer has to want to buy.
The basic elements of a cover letter:
- Greeting: Address
your cover letter to the proper person.
- Opening: Write
a personable, inviting opening paragraph that highlights how your skills
are a perfect fit to the job.
- Hook: Highlight
your past achievements as they relate to the job you're applying for.
- Skills: Highlight
additional relevant skills, such as computer languages or certifications.
- Close: Briefly
recap your strengths as a candidate, and include your contact information.
Example
Link :
https://www.livecareer.com/cover-letter-examples
(10.10.2016)
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